Class Note 9. Civics. Chapter 2.Why is Democracy? Why Democracy ?
कृण्वन्तो विश्वमार्यम.
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Evaluator / Observers of the page.
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Dr. Manoj Kumar Sinha. Department of History.
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Class X.
S.St. NCERT. Class Notes. Chapter 1.History.
S.St. NCERT. Class Notes. Chapter 1.History.
Session 22 – 23. 17th of February 2020.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe.
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---------------------- Our guiding forces.
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Chapter 1
What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Raman's Classes.
Section - A
Hard Words / Glossary
2. Criticise -
to find fault with openly.
3. Autocratic -
ruler who has absolute power.
4. Democracy -
it is a form of government in which rulers are elected by the people.
5. Brutal -
cruel
6. Chaos - a
state of confusion or disorder.
7. Hypocrisy -
the practice of claiming to have higher standards.
8. Instability
- lack of stability.
9. Dignity -
the state or quality of being worthy of honour or respect.
10. Descriptive
- serving or seeking to describe.
11. Temperament
- personality.
Countries, capitals and currencies
Country Capital Currency
1.Myanmar Yangoon Kyat
2.Pakistan Islamabad Pakistani Rupee
3.China Beijing Yuan
4.Mexico Mexico City Mexico Peso
5.Russia Moscow Rouble
6.Zimbabwe Harare Dollar
7.Syria Damascus Syrrian Pound
Persons
He held the
presidency from 2001 until 2008, when he tendered his resignation to avoid
impeachment
Robert Mugabe : Robert Gabriel
Mugabe was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987 and then as President from
1987 to 2017. Born: 21
February 1924, Kutama, Zimbabwe
Died: 6
September 2019, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore.
Inside questions
Q.1 Who
declared himself as the chief executive of the country?
Answer : General
Pervez Musharraf
Q.2 What was
the role of 'legal framework order'?
Answer : (a)Legal
framework order was an order issued to amend the constitution of Pakistan.
(b) This order
was passed by General Pervez Musharraf.
(c) According
to this order, the president has the power and right to dismiss the national
and provincial assemblies.
Q.3 What do we
call national people's Congress in Chinese?
Answer : Quanguo
Renmin Daibiao
Q.4 When did
Mexico and Pakistan get independence?
Mexico:- 1930
Pakistan:- 1947
Q.5 What is the
full form of PRI?
Answer : Institutional
revolutionary party
Q.6 Which
famine was the worst recorded famine in the world?
Answer : China
(1958-1961)
Q.7 What do you
understand by universal Adult franchise?
Answer Universal
suffrage (also called universal franchise) gives the right to vote to all adult
citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity,
political stance, or any other restriction, subject only to relatively minor exceptions.
Q.8 what are
the three organs of the constitution?
Answer : Three organs
of the constitution are legislature, executive and judiciary.
Q.9 why is a
democracy considered the best?
Answer : a.The rulers
of the nation are elected by the public.
b. It is a
government run by and for the people.
c. Democracy
improves the quality of decision-making.
d. Democracy
provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts.
e. Democracy
enhances the dignity of citizens.
Q.10 What do
you understand by the word 'autocratic'?
Answer : Government in
which one person possesses unlimited power.
Section-B Chapter End
Questions
Q.1 Here is
some information about four countries. Based on this information, how would you
classify each of these countries?
Write' democratic' , 'undemocratic' or 'not sure' against each of these.
A. Country A:
people who do not accept the countries official religion to do not have a right
to vote.
Undemocratic
B. Country B:
the same party has been winning elections for the last 20 years.
Not sure
C. Country C:
ruling party has lost in the last three elections.
Democratic
D. Country D:
is no independent election commission.
Undemocratic
Q. 2 Here is
some information about four countries. based on this information, how would you
classify each of these countries write 'democratic', 'undemocratic' or 'not
sure' against each of these.
A. Country P:
the parliament cannot pass a law about the army without the consent of the
chief of army.
Undemocratic
B. Country Q:
the parliament cannot pass a law reducing the powers of judiciary.
Democratic
C. Country R:
the country's leaders cannot sign any treaty with another country without
taking permission from its neighbouring country.
Undemocratic
D. Country S:
all the major economic decisions about the country are taken by officials of
Central Bank which the ministers cannot change.
Undemocratic
Q.3 which of
these is not a good argument in favour of democracy? Why?
A. People feel
free and equal in a democracy.
B. Democracy is
resolve conflict in a better way than others.
C. Democratic
government is more accountable to the people.
D. Democracy
are more prosperous than others.
Option (D)
Democracy's are
more prosperous than other, is not the right argument in favour of democracy
because there are many countries like Sri Lanka, India which opted for
democracy but are not so prosperous whereas countries which have communist and
monarchy rule such as China and Saudi Arab respectively are said to be more
prosperous. the prosperity of any country does not depend upon the form of
government but the kind of its policy natural resources availablity, etc.
Q. 4 Each of
these statement contains a democratic and an democratic element. write out the
two separately for each statement.
A. A minister
said that some laws have to be passed by the parliament in order to confirm to
the regulations decided by the World Trade organisation (WTO).
A minister said that some laws have to be
passed by the parliament- democratic element.
The regulations
decided by the world trade organisation ( WTO) - undemocratic element.
B.The election
commission ordered re polling in a constituency where large scale rigging was
reported.
The election
commission ordered re falling in our democracy- democratic element.
large scale rigging was reported- undemocratic
element.
C. Women's
representation in the parliament has barely reached 10%. this lead women's
organisationsto demand 1/3 seats for women.
This led
womens organisation to demand 1/3 seat for women- democratic element.
Women's
representation in the parliament has been reached 10%- undemocratic element.
Q.5 which of
these is not a valid reason for are going that there is lesser possibility of
famine in a democratic country?
A. Opposition
parties can draw attention to hunger and starvation.
B. Free press
can report suffering from famine in different parts of the country.
C. Government
fears it's defeat in next elections.
D. People are
free to believe in and practice any religion.
Option (D)
Option D is not
a valid reason for arguing that there is lesser
possibility of famine in a democratic country ,because believing as well
as practicing a religion is not related with preventing famine in a democratic
country.
Q. 6 40 villages in a district where the government
has made no provision for drinking water. These villages met and considered
many methods of forcing the government to respond to their need which of these
is not a democratic method.
A. Filing a
case in the courts claming that water is part of right to life.
B. Boycotting
the next elections to give a message to all parties.
C. Organising
public meetings against government's policies.
D. Paying money
to government officials to get water.
Option d
which advocates paying the government officials money, is an undemocratic
method.
Q.7 write a
response to the following arguments against democracy:
A. Army is the
most discipline and corruption free organisation in the country. therefore army
should rule the country.
B. Rule of the
majority means the rule of ignorant people. what we need is the role of the
wise, even if they are in small numbers.
C. If we want
religious leaders to guide us in The spiritual matters why not invite them to
guide us in political as well. The
country should be ruled by religious leaders.
A democracy
is a government whose representatives are elected by the citizens of the
country for themselves. Army is an important part of any country, whose primary
role is to protect the people of the country but they are not elected by the
citizens of the country so there unable to form a democratic
government. As people are quite intelligent to some extent, so second statement
is false if we bring religion into politics, then it will create serious
conflicts among the citizens of the country . Hence, the third statement is also false.
Q. 8 Are the
following statements in keeping with democracy as a value? Why?
A. Father to
daughter: I don't want to hear your opinion about your marriage. In our family
children marry where the parents tells them to.
This
statement of father is undemocratic because every adult has right to choose
their life partner. father does not have right to impose his choice on
daughter.
B. Teacher to
student: don't disturb my concentration by asking me questions in the
classroom.
This
statement also is not under undemocratic setup, the student has right to ask
questions. This is undemocratic if his
right is denied.
C. Employee to
the officer: our working hours must be reduced according to the law.
The third statement
is democratic because it is asking for a rule of law which would be in the
favour and beneficial of the employee.
Q.9 consider
the following facts about a country and decide if you would call it democracy.
Give reasons to support your decision.
A. All the
citizens of the country have right to vote. Elections are held regularly.
This is
democracy as only democratic setup allows right to vote and also helps
elections at regular time period.
B. The country
to loan from international agencies one of the condition for giving loan was
that the government would reduce its expenses on education and health.
A democratic
country has to look after the welfare of its people the condition of reducing
expenses on health and education is against the welfare of the people. So this
and democratic government.
C. People speak
more than seven languages but education is available only in one language the
language spoken by 52% people of that country.
In democracy,
education is available in all languages as it is basic right. Official language
can be the language of the majority of people. This is an undemographic form of
government.
D. Several
organisations have given a call for peaceful demonstrations and nationwide
strikes in the country to oppose these policies. government has arrested these
leaders.
Democracy,
provides right to express, to the citizens of the country to express their
opinion in a peaceful manner. It is an undemocratic behaviour.
E. The
government owns the radio and television in the country. All the newspapers
have to get permission from the government to publish any news about
governments policies and protests.
This is un
democratic because in democracy freedom of press and media is given. If the
government owns radio and television then it will be violation of the freedom
of press.
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